Trodelvy, also known by its generic name sacituzumab govitecan, has established a distinctive role in the treatment landscape of breast cancer. It is most prominently used in metastatic breast cancer settings where previous lines of therapy have failed, offering a targeted approach that combines an antibody against Trop-2 with a cytotoxic payload. This design aims to deliver chemotherapy more directly to cancer cells while attempting to limit exposure to normal tissues. In practice, Trodelvy is typically considered in patients whose disease has progressed after multiple prior treatments, and it is part of a broader strategy that includes surgery, radiation, endocrine therapy, or other systemic therapies depending on the cancer subtype and patient history. Because breast cancer is a complex and evolving disease, the decision to use Trodelvy is made within the context of a comprehensive assessment by an oncology team that specializes in breast cancer.
The mechanism behind Trodelvy is a defining feature. Sacituzumab govitecan is an antibody-drug conjugate designed to target Trop-2, a protein that is overexpressed on many breast cancer cells. Once the drug binds to Trop-2, it is internalized, releasing SN-38, a potent cytotoxic agent, inside the cancer cell. This targeted delivery helps to induce tumor cell death while striving to minimize damage to normal tissues. The result is a systemic therapy that can be administered in cycles through an intravenous infusion in a clinic setting. The regimen has a distinct cadence and requires careful monitoring, with dose adjustments and supportive care tailored to each patient’s tolerance and blood counts.
Clinical evidence has shaped how clinicians view Trodelvy in metastatic breast cancer. In pivotal trials, Trodelvy demonstrated meaningful improvements in outcomes compared with standard chemotherapy options for patients who had exhausted other therapies. Clinicians report that many patients experience tumor shrinkage or disease stabilization, accompanied by a delay in disease progression. While responses can be variable and side effects must be managed, the therapeutic profile of Trodelvy offers an additional, biologically targeted option for patients who have limited choices after earlier treatments. In some cases, the drug’s activity has informed the sequencing of therapies across different breast cancer subtypes, highlighting the evolving nature of personalized medicine in this disease area.